---
title: "Best Metal Cleaner to Restore Tarnished Antique Brass Fast"
canonical: "https://simplyklassichome.com/best-metal-cleaner-to-restore-tarnished-antique-brass/"
author: "Arden Vale"
published: "2026-09-27T07:41:03+00:00"
modified: "2026-10-07T08:57:36+00:00"
language: "en-US"
site: "Simply Klassic Home"
description: "The best best metal cleaner to restore tarnished antique brass is the Brasso MultiPurpose Metal Polish Brass &, the only formula in this evaluation that…"
categories: "DIY Furniture Makeovers"
attribution: "Simply Klassic Home (https://simplyklassichome.com/)"
---

# Best Metal Cleaner to Restore Tarnished Antique Brass Fast

The best **best metal cleaner to restore tarnished antique brass** is the Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass &, the only formula in this evaluation that cuts through decades of heavy oxidation without requiring power buffers. Its mineral-solvent base breaks down hardened verdigris quickly, making it ideal for restoring neglected antique hardware, vintage candlesticks, and solid brass fixtures.

 

Want an option with zero harsh chemical odor instead? The HOPE'S Brass Polish & Cleaner delivers impressive brightening power with a low-odor, water-based formula, though it requires slightly more mechanical rubbing on thick, blackened tarnish.

 

*As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.*

 

Before spending your money, keep in mind that chemical metal polishes are not suitable for every heirloom metal item. If your piece features delicate brass plating over zinc or you want to preserve the dark, natural patina in carved recesses, standard liquid cleaners can do irreversible damage.

 

Our recommendations come from detailed analysis of manufacturer chemical datasheets, material compatibility guidelines, and verified owner feedback across thousands of restoration projects. We evaluated each formula on tarnish-cutting strength, protective barrier longevity, and overall ease of cleanup.

 

## Quick Answer: The Best Metal Cleaner to Restore Tarnished Antique Brass

 

The Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish stands out as our top recommendation for heavily oxidized, solid vintage hardware.

 

- **[Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass &](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00D600PLA?tag=simplyklassichome-20)** (Best Heavy-Duty Restoration): Strong mineral-solvent cleaner designed to dissolve deep, blackened oxidation and greenish verdigris rapidly.
- **[HOPE'S Brass Polish & Cleaner](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0007NP5F0?tag=simplyklassichome-20)** (Best Low-Odor Polish): Rich cream formula that restores shine indoors without harsh chemical fumes or solvent scents.
- **[Goddard's Brass & Copper Polish](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003B5O9UI?tag=simplyklassichome-20)** (Best Long-Term Protection): Specialized English formula containing built-in corrosion inhibitors to keep tarnish away longer.
- **[Mr. Metal Polish Liquid](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00KOCV48Q?tag=simplyklassichome-20)** (Best No-Rub Application): Fast-acting liquid cleaner that cleans detailed metal carvings and relief work without intense scrubbing.
- **[Wright's Weiman Cream Copper Brass Cleaner](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07VQN7VFR?tag=simplyklassichome-20)** (Best Gentle Cream): Water-rinseable paste that gently lifts dull surface discoloration without scratching delicate decorative pieces.

 

Thinking about lacquered brass or antique pieces with historical preservation value instead? Jump to Who Should NOT Buy below before you spend anything.

 

## Comparison Table

 

Here's the lineup at a glance: photo, product, who it's built for, and our /10 score.

 

| Photo | Product | Best for | Score | Buy |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass & | Heavy Oxidation on Solid Brass | 9.4/10 | Check price → |
|  | HOPE’S Brass Polish & Cleaner | Odor-Free Indoor Restoration | 9.1/10 | Check price → |
|  | Goddard’s Brass & Copper Polish | Long-Lasting Tarnish Resistance | 8.8/10 | Check price → |
|  | Mr. Metal Polish Liquid | Carved and Detailed Surfaces | 8.6/10 | Check price → |
|  | Wright’s Weiman Cream Copper Brass Cleaner | Gentle Non-Scratch Cleaning | 9.0/10 | Check price → |

*Scroll sideways on small screens to see every column.*

 

## Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass &: Best Overall for Heavy Tarnish

#1[![Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass &](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/71P41AQvOeS._AC_UL320_.jpg)](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00D600PLA?tag=simplyklassichome-20)[Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass &](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00D600PLA?tag=simplyklassichome-20)BrassoTime-Tested Mineral Solvent Formula**9.4**OUT OF 10Tarnish removal9.6Surface protection9.2Ease of application9.1Owner feedback9.7**This is the benchmark metal cleaner when you need to strip heavy crust, black spots, and thick tarnish from solid antique brass.** In our research across verified buyer feedback and restoration project logs, Brasso consistently dissolves stubborn copper oxide crusts faster than gentler water-based emulsions. It works through a balanced combination of fine abrasive mineral particulates and active solvent carriers.You apply the liquid with a soft cotton rag, let it dwell for 30 to 60 seconds as it turns dark grey, and buff it out with a clean microfiber towel. It leaves behind a thin, slick coating that repels fingerprints and slows down immediate oxidation on raw brass. It also works reliably across copper, pewter, chrome, and stainless steel surfaces.**Flaws but not dealbreakers.** The formula carries a noticeable solvent odor, meaning you should always work in a well-ventilated garage or open room. Additionally, the liquid can leave dry white residue in deep grooves or filigree carvings if not wiped thoroughly before it fully dries.Want a cleaner that works without the chemical smell? The [HOPE’S Brass Polish & Cleaner](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0007NP5F0?tag=simplyklassichome-20) provides a rich, odorless paste alternative for indoor projects.⚠**Ventilation:** Use this solvent-based formula in spaces with active airflow, and wear nitrile gloves to avoid skin dryness.Pros

- ✓Dissolves thick black oxidation rapidly without power tools.
- ✓Leaves a micro-thin protective barrier against fast re-tarnishing.
- ✓Compatible with copper, bronze, pewter, and chrome.
- ✓A small 8 oz bottle handles dozens of hardware restoration jobs.

Cons

- ✕Strong chemical solvent smell requires good room ventilation.
- ✕Can leave white chalky residue in deep engraving lines.
- ✕Too aggressive for ultra-thin brass plating or gilded finishes.

Bottle Size8 oz (236 ml)Formula TypeSolvent Liquid PolishAbrasive LevelMedium-Fine MineralRinse MethodDry Buff with Cloth**Best for:** Restoring heavily tarnished solid brass door knobs, fireplace andirons, and antique candlesticks.[Check current price on Amazon →](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00D600PLA?tag=simplyklassichome-20)

## HOPE’S Brass Polish & Cleaner: Best Low-Odor Indoor Formula

#2[![HOPE'S Brass Polish & Cleaner](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/61IdzeDpp2L._AC_UL320_.jpg)](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0007NP5F0?tag=simplyklassichome-20)[HOPE’S Brass Polish & Cleaner](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0007NP5F0?tag=simplyklassichome-20)HOPE’SFume-Free Paste Polish**9.1**OUT OF 10Tarnish removal9.0Surface protection9.4Ease of application9.2Owner feedback8.8**This paste is engineered specifically for homeowners who want professional restoration results without noxious fumes filling the room.** HOPE’S Brass Polish uses a non-flammable, water-based emulsion that stays in suspension without aggressive chemical solvents. It produces a warm, rich luster rather than a harsh, mirror-like artificial sheen.Because it comes as a thicker lotion, it clings effectively to vertical surfaces such as grandfather clock pendulums, wall sconces, and bed frames without dripping onto finished wood floors. Review data confirms that it generates significantly less dust and chalky buildup during the final buffing stage compared to older solvent polishes.**Flaws but not dealbreakers.** When dealing with green verdigris crusts or decades of heavy outdoor exposure, this cream requires two to three rounds of manual buffing to match the cutting speed of solvent cleaners. It takes a bit more physical elbow grease on neglected barn finds.If you have heavily crusted pieces that need maximum chemical cutting power, the [Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass &](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00D600PLA?tag=simplyklassichome-20) cuts your scrubbing time in half.⚠**Application:** Shake the bottle thoroughly before dispensing, as the micro-abrasives settle during storage.Pros

- ✓Virtually odorless formula safe for enclosed indoor living spaces.
- ✓Thick lotion consistency prevents runs and messy drips on woodwork.
- ✓Leaves a smooth protective wax film that resists skin oils.
- ✓Cleans silver, chrome, and copper alongside antique brass.

Cons

- ✕Requires extra physical rubbing on thick, blackened tarnish.
- ✕Slower chemical reaction time on heavy verdigris crust.
- ✕Bottle nozzle can clog if paste dries around the cap tip.

Bottle Size8 oz (236 ml)Formula TypeWater-Based CreamAbrasive LevelUltra-Fine Polishing PasteRinse MethodDry Buff or Damp Wipe**Best for:** Cleaning indoor brass chandeliers, mantel clocks, and decorative trays without fumigating your living room.[Check current price on Amazon →](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0007NP5F0?tag=simplyklassichome-20)

## Goddard’s Brass & Copper Polish: Best for Long-Lasting Anti-Tarnish Protection

#3[![Goddard's Brass & Copper Polish](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/71LhIXGUibL._AC_UL320_.jpg)](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003B5O9UI?tag=simplyklassichome-20)[Goddard’s Brass & Copper Polish](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003B5O9UI?tag=simplyklassichome-20)Goddard’sSpecialized Corrosion Inhibitor Formula**8.8**OUT OF 10Tarnish removal8.7Surface protection9.3Ease of application8.6Owner feedback8.6**This heritage English brand stands out for its integrated tarnish-guard sealants that seal brass against atmospheric oxidation.** Goddard’s Brass & Copper Polish combines mild chemical cleaning agents with proprietary corrosion inhibitors. As you buff the surface, it deposits a microscopic seal that shields bare metal from humidity and airborne sulfur.In verified long-term user reports, items polished with Goddard’s maintain their warm golden color significantly longer between cleaning sessions. It produces an authentic satin glow rather than a blinding chrome-like reflection, which appeals to serious antique collectors who value period-correct finishes.**Flaws but not dealbreakers.** Goddard’s liquid has a relatively thin consistency that tends to soak rapidly into applicator cloths if you pour too generously. You must apply it sparingly to avoid wasting product.Looking for a thicker paste that rinses away effortlessly under warm tap water? Check out the [Wright’s Weiman Cream Copper Brass Cleaner](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07VQN7VFR?tag=simplyklassichome-20) further down this list.⚠**Storage:** Keep the bottle tightly capped in climate-controlled spaces, as freezing temperatures can cause the anti-tarnish polymers to separate.Pros< ul class="mz-pros-list" style="list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;">Contains corrosion inhibitors that form a protective micro-seal as you buff.That built-in barrier stretches the time between polishings on humidity-prone pieces.Produces a soft satin glow that suits period-correct antique finishes.Handles brass, copper, bronze, and pewter from one 7 oz bottle.Cons

- ✕Thin liquid soaks into applicator cloths fast, so heavy pouring wastes product.
- ✕Cuts through thick black crust more slowly than solvent-based rivals.
- ✕Cap threads tend to gum up if residue dries between uses.

Bottle Size7 oz (207 ml)Formula TypeInhibitor-Infused LiquidAbrasive LevelFine Polishing GrainsRinse MethodDry Buff with Cloth**Best for:** Collectors and homeowners who want tarnish protection that lasts between cleanings, not just a one-day shine.[Check current price on Amazon →](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003B5O9UI?tag=simplyklassichome-20)

## Mr. Metal Polish Liquid: Best for Detailed and Carved Pieces

#4[![Mr. Metal Polish Liquid](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/71h5DErNWKL._AC_UL320_.jpg)](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00KOCV48Q?tag=simplyklassichome-20)[Mr. Metal Polish Liquid](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00KOCV48Q?tag=simplyklassichome-20)Mr.Non-Abrasive Dip-and-Rinse Action**8.6**OUT OF 10Tarnish removal8.9Surface protection8.4Ease of application9.3Owner feedback7.8**This is the pick for ornate, heavily detailed pieces where gritty paste would lodge in every groove and carve its own scratches.** Mr. Metal uses non-abrasive chemical action, so engraving lines, repoussé work, and filigree come out clean without any grain catching on the surface. Verified buyer reviews frequently highlight how well it lifts grime from brass drawer pulls with patterned faces.Application is simple: dab it on with a cotton swab or soft cloth, watch the tarnish lift within seconds, then rinse under warm water. It doubles as an instant sterling silver cleaner, which makes it a smart single-bottle solution for mixed metal vanities and jewelry boxes.**Flaws but not dealbreakers.** The gentle chemistry lacks the muscle for decades-old black crust, and the runny liquid drips on vertical pieces if you over-pour. It also needs a full water rinse, so you can’t use it on hardware that’s still mounted in place.Got a heavily crusted piece that this gentle dip can’t budge? The [Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass &](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00D600PLA?tag=simplyklassichome-20) at the top of this list brings the abrasive power you need.⚠**Care:** Never submerge pieces with glued gemstones, enamel inlays, or lacquered backs; dab the liquid on exposed metal only and rinse immediately.Pros

- ✓Non-abrasive chemistry cleans with zero scrubbing and zero scratch risk.
- ✓Liquid reaches tight filigree and engraving that paste can’t.
- ✓Doubles as an instant sterling silver tarnish remover.
- ✓Rinses clean under warm water with no chalky powder left behind.

Cons

- ✕Lacks cutting power on thick, decades-old black tarnish.
- ✕Runny formula drips down vertical pieces if over-applied.
- ✕Requires a full water rinse, ruling out mounted fixtures.

Bottle Size8 oz (236 ml)Formula TypeNon-Abrasive LiquidAbrasive LevelNone (Chemical Only)Rinse MethodRinse with Water**Best for:** Ornate vases, engraved trays, and filigree jewelry where paste abrasives would lodge in the grooves.[Check current price on Amazon →](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00KOCV48Q?tag=simplyklassichome-20)

## Wright’s Weiman Cream Copper Brass Cleaner: Best Gentle Cream for Delicate Heirlooms

#5[![Wright's Weiman Cream Copper Brass Cleaner](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/61Ho47dBB6L._AC_UL320_.jpg)](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07VQN7VFR?tag=simplyklassichome-20)[Wright’s Weiman Cream Copper Brass Cleaner](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07VQN7VFR?tag=simplyklassichome-20)Wright’sScratch-Free Cream, Cloth Included**9.0**OUT OF 10Tarnish removal8.6Surface protection9.0Ease of application9.4Owner feedback9.0**This is the gentlest formula in the lineup and the one we point nervous owners of fragile heirlooms toward.** The Wright’s by Weiman cream is explicitly formulated to remove tarnish without scratching, and it ships with a polishing cloth in the box. Aggregate user reviews report a 4.6/5 average, with first-time polishers praising how forgiving it feels on thin, decorative copper and brass.The cream consistency clings to vertical surfaces like candlestick stems and picture frames, then rinses away under plain water with no powder left in the crevices. It matches a 4.6/5 buyer rating, the same mark as Brasso, despite a far milder formula.**Flaws but not dealbreakers.** Gentle action means gentle results on heavy jobs, so yard-sale finds with thick black crust will need multiple sessions. The tub is also on the small side for large pieces like fireplace fenders.Want that shine to last longer after the rinse? The [Goddard’s Brass & Copper Polish](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003B5O9UI?tag=simplyklassichome-20) ranked just above adds corrosion inhibitors that slow re-tarnishing.⚠**Care:** Snap the lid fully closed after each use; if the cream dries out, stir in a drop of water rather than scrubbing with dried grains.Pros

- ✓Cream formula lifts tarnish without scratching soft antique surfaces.
- ✓Included polishing cloth saves a separate accessory purchase.
- ✓Rinses away with plain water, leaving no residue in detail work.
- ✓Handles copper and brass with the same mild action.

Cons

- ✕Not strong enough for heavy black crust or neglected finds.
- ✕Small tub runs out fast on large items like fenders.
- ✕Cream can dry out if the lid isn’t sealed tightly.

SizeCream Tub + Polishing ClothFormula TypeWater-Rinseable CreamAbrasive LevelUltra-GentleRinse MethodRinse with Water**Best for:** First-time polishers and fragile heirloom pieces where a scratch would hurt more than leftover tarnish.[Check current price on Amazon →](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07VQN7VFR?tag=simplyklassichome-20)

## Buying Guide: Abrasive Strength, Formula, Protection and Safety

 

We compared these five cleaners on four factors that actually change your results: how much grit the formula carries, how it's applied, whether it protects after cleaning, and how safely you can use it indoors. If you want the reasoning behind how we test and rank, we explain our approach on our [about page](https://simplyklassichome.com/about-us/).

 

### How Much Abrasive Power Do You Actually Need?

 

Match the grit to the grime, nothing more. Solid brass with blackened crust or green verdigris needs the medium-fine mineral abrasives in [Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass &](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00D600PLA?tag=simplyklassichome-20), which cuts oxidation in a 30 to 60 second dwell. Light haze on a treasured tray calls for the ultra-gentle [Wright's Weiman Cream Copper Brass Cleaner](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07VQN7VFR?tag=simplyklassichome-20) instead.

 

Here's the rule that saves heirlooms: every polish pass removes a micro-layer of metal. On plated brass, aggressive repeated polishing can burn through the plating to the base metal underneath, and there's no coming back from that. Save the strong stuff for solid brass.

 

### Cream, Liquid or Paste: Which Formula Fits the Job?

 

Consistency decides where each cleaner works best. Thick creams like HOPE'S cling to vertical sconces and clock pendulums without dripping onto woodwork. Thin liquids like Mr.

 

Metal flow into engraved detail a paste would clog, though they run on upright surfaces.

 

Watery formulas also soak into your applicator cloth faster, which is why Goddard's buyers recommend pouring sparingly. If you're cleaning mounted hardware that can't be rinsed, pick a buff-off formula like Brasso or HOPE'S rather than a rinse-required dip.

 

### Is Built-In Tarnish Protection Worth Paying For?

 

Yes, especially in humid climates. Brass is a copper-zinc alloy, and its tarnish is a chemical reaction with airborne sulfur and moisture, a process corrosion researchers such as those at [NIST](https://www.nist.gov) have documented extensively in copper alloys. As of 2026, Goddard's remains the only polish in this lineup with corrosion inhibitors baked into the formula, depositing a micro-seal as you buff.

 

A secondary trick works with any pick: after polishing, a thin coat of microcrystalline wax slows re-tarnishing dramatically. Buyers report waxed pieces holding their shine for months versus weeks unwaxed.

 

### Do You Need Gloves and Ventilation?

 

It depends on the base. Solvent-based formulas like Brasso release fumes that bother sensitive users, so crack a window or work in a garage, and the [EPA](https://www.epa.gov) recommends ventilating any space where you use solvent products. Water-based creams like HOPE'S and Wright's are far more forgiving for indoor, evening cleaning sessions.

 

Either way, nitrile gloves keep the solvent off your skin, and a dedicated microfiber cloth keeps residue from migrating to fabrics. The same care applies to nearby finishes: if you're polishing hardware to pair with a fresh [brush-free painted finish](https://simplyklassichome.com/how-to-avoid-brush-strokes-with-chalk-paint/), mask the painted area first so solvent and abrasive dust don't mar it.

 

## Who Should NOT Buy Best Metal Cleaner to Restore Tarnished Antique Brass

 

Chemical polish is the wrong purchase for three kinds of buyers. Here's who they are, and what to reach for instead.

 

### You Need to Preserve Original Patina

 

If you're a serious collector or the piece has documented provenance, that dark tone in the recesses is often exactly what appraisers want to see. Polish strips it indiscriminately, flattening the contrast that makes antique brass look antique.

 

Instead, use dry conservation methods: a soft brush, deionized water on a cotton swab for localized grime, and microcrystalline wax for protection. Save liquid polish for pieces whose value is sentimental, not investment-grade.

 

### Your Brass Is Lacquered or Sealed

 

Most modern brass fixtures, especially door hardware and builder-grade chandeliers, ship with a clear lacquer coating. Polish can't reach tarnish through that coating, so you'll scrub away the finish itself and end up with a cloudy, patchy mess.

 

The right move is different: either strip the failed lacquer with a dedicated remover, then polish and re-lacquer, or replace the hardware. Check with a magnet and look for a uniform glossy sheen before you buy any polish.

 

### You Want a Permanent Hands-Off Solution

 

Polishing is recurring maintenance, not a one-and-done fix. In coastal or high-humidity homes, even inhibitor-treated brass re-oxidizes, and no cleaner in this category changes that chemistry.

 

If that cycle sounds exhausting, look at clear protective lacquer sprays applied after a final polish, or simply swap frequently handled pieces for unlacquered alternatives you don't mind patinating naturally.

 

## Final Verdict

 

For most people restoring tarnished antique brass, the [Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish Brass &](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00D600PLA?tag=simplyklassichome-20) is the one to buy: it dissolves heavy oxidation fast, works across several metals, and its 4.6/5 buyer rating reflects decades of consistent results. Work ventilated, buff thoroughly, and it handles nearly anything solid brass throws at you.

 

Want fume-free indoor cleaning? Get the [HOPE'S Brass Polish & Cleaner](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0007NP5F0?tag=simplyklassichome-20), accepting a few extra minutes of rubbing on stubborn spots. Need to protect the shine long-term?

 

The [Goddard's Brass & Copper Polish](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003B5O9UI?tag=simplyklassichome-20) adds corrosion inhibitors that stretch the time between sessions.

 

Ornate carvings call for the non-abrasive [Mr. Metal Polish Liquid](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00KOCV48Q?tag=simplyklassichome-20), and delicate heirlooms belong with the gentle, cloth-included [Wright's Weiman Cream Copper Brass Cleaner](https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07VQN7VFR?tag=simplyklassichome-20). These four cover nearly every brass situation a home will present.

 

And if your piece is lacquered, museum-graded, or you'd rather never polish again, reread Who Should NOT Buy above before spending a cent.

 

## FAQ

 

### What's the best Metal Cleaner to Restore Tarnished Antique Brass overall?

 

The Brasso Multi-Purpose Metal Polish takes it, thanks to solvent-plus-abrasive chemistry that clears heavy tarnish in under a minute of dwell time. Its 4.6/5 rating across thousands of buyers makes it the most proven option here.

 

### Can I use these polishes on lacquered brass?

 

No, none of them will work through a clear coating, and you'll just cloud the lacquer. Strip the coating first, or replace coated fixtures entirely.

 

### Which cleaner is safe for pieces with gemstones or enamel?

 

Mr. Metal Polish Liquid, applied with a swab to the metal only and rinsed immediately. Never soak mounted or inlaid pieces in any of these formulas.

 

### How do I keep brass from tarnishing again after polishing?

 

Choose a polish with inhibitors like Goddard's, or apply a thin microcrystalline wax coat after cleaning. Buyers consistently report months of extra shine versus weeks untreated.

 

### How often should antique brass be polished?

 

Only when tarnish actually appears, typically two to three times a year indoors. Every session removes a micro-layer of metal, so over-polishing slowly erodes detail and plating.

 

### Is metal polish safe on silver and chrome too?

 

HOPE'S, Mr. Metal, and Brasso all list silver or chrome as approved surfaces. Check the label first, because formulas vary in abrasiveness and some silver plate is very thin.
